The Effect of Basil Leaf Extract (Ocimum Bacilicum L) on Beta 2 Microglobulin Levels, Uric Acid and Kidney Histology in White Galuh Wistar Rats (Rattus Norvegicus Strain Wistar) Induced by Monosodium Glutamate (MSG)

Abstract

In this research, the author aim to investigate the influence of basil leaf administration on Beta-2 microglobulin levels, uric acid concentration, and kidney histology in Wistar rats induced with MSG, as well as to determine the most effective dose of basil leaf extract for improving kidney function. Basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum) are known as one of the traditional medicinal plants commonly used for therapeutic purposes.  A total of 25 male Wistar rats weighing 200–230 grams were used in this study. The animals were divided into five treatment groups. The first group served as the control and received neither MSG nor basil leaf extract. The second group was given only MSG without basil leaf extract. The third, fourth, and fifth groups were administered MSG followed by basil leaf extract at doses of 87.5 mg/kg BW, 175 mg/kg BW, and 350 mg/kg BW, respectively. At the end of the treatment period, blood samples were collected for the measurement of Beta-2 microglobulin and uric acid levels, while kidney tissues were taken for histological examination. The findings revealed that the administration of basil leaf extract led to significant differences in Beta-2 microglobulin, uric acid levels, and kidney histopathology compared to the MSG-only group. In conclusion, basil leaf extract was shown to lower B2M and uric acid levels and improve kidney tissue structure damaged by MSG exposure.