The Effectiveness of Nanoemulsion Preparation of Star Anise (Illicium Verum) Extract on Blood Sugar Levels and Pancreas in Male Wistar Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) Induced by Alloxan

Abstract

Prolonged hyperglycemia results in the onset of diabetes mellitus... The pancreas is an organ responsible for, among other things, maintaining blood glucose levels at a level that is tolerable by the body. This study aims to test and analyze the effectiveness of a nanoemulsion preparation of star anise (Illicium verum) extract on blood sugar levels and the pancreas in male rats induced by Alloxan. The sample used was 25 rats in 5 groups (positive and negative controls, treatments 1, 2, and 3) where the extract preparation in the treatment was a nanoemulsion of star anise (Illicium verum) extract with concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 20%. The results showed that pancreatic histology showed the highest level of damage in the negative control group, while treatment group 3 (20%) and the positive control showed significant improvement in the structure of the islets of Langerhans. The tissue damage score decreased in treatment group 3, indicating that the star anise nanoemulsion has a protective effect on pancreatic tissue and is able to reduce necrosis and cell degeneration.